Dr. Vliet’s Health Tip: Precision Protein Boost: Science-Backed, Ultra Convenient!

© by Elizabeth Lee Vliet MD and Kathy Kresnik

Have your muscles turned mushy, less defined, and feeling “soft?” This is what many of my patients both men and women describe as they get older and also experience age-related hormone decline. Starting around age 30, adults lose 3-5% of muscle mass per decade, and this accelerates around age 70. As we get older, we need higher protein intake to help preserve physical function and independence. Adequate protein intake is crucial because it helps counteract natural age-related muscle loss and supports muscle repair and maintenance. It is hard enough to build muscle as we age, but nearly impossible to do without adequate protein intake to supply the critical nutrients needed.

For years, I have recommended my patients to get at least 30 to 35% of their calories from protein as part of a balanced diet. I have also recommended that they NOT consume less than a minimum of 1500 calories per day (for my women patients) and not less than 2000 calories a day for men.  I have never endorsed those very low-calorie diets for weight loss due to the disastrous metabolic effects they inflict on the body and the loss of lean muscle mass, already increased with age.

To get 30 to 35% of their calories from protein translates to a minimum of 110-130 grams of protein per day for women, and even higher for men. Older individuals develop reduced efficiency in protein synthesis to build muscle, and increased breakdown of muscle tissue. Ensuring enough protein helps reduce risks of weakness, falls, disability and frailty, and supports bone health and recovery from illness or injury.

I know for myself and many of my patients, this is quite a challenge as we tend to eat less as we get older or we may not be not cooking for a large family anymore, or we may be eating less meat or chicken or fish –the highest protein content foods.  Older women especially focus wrongly on reducing calories to lose weight instead of focusing on how to maintain metabolism. Many of my perimenopausal and menopausal women eat less meat and eat more vegetables and salads, which are nutritious but not a good source of protein. It has also been more expensive in the last 5+ years to buy high quality sources of protein: free range organic chickens, wild caught safe sourced fish, grass fed and grass finished beef and farm fresh eggs. Many people are also turning to vegetarian sources of protein, but the challenge has always been in getting enough – it’s just harder.

So, to solve the challenge of getting enough high quality protein every day I made sure to include a complete essential amino acid (EAA) complex in Truth for Health Foundation store – TruAmino™  Complex.  I featured this exciting and ultra-convenient way of getting more protein in my newsletter’s health tip over a year ago. Recently a few interesting studies researching amino acids and their role in healthy outcomes caught my attention. In this health tip I share some of these discoveries and how to use amino acids safely and conveniently to really boost your protein-equivalent intake quickly, very conveniently, and without the hassle of cooking larger meals.  This amino acid complex powder is also formulated to give the best results to provide the crucial nutrients needed to build muscle.

Back to Basics: A Review of Amino Acids
Amino acids are organic molecules that serve as the fundamental building blocks of proteins. These molecules link together in chains to form proteins, which are essential for numerous biological functions including catalyzing chemical reactions, providing structural support in cells and tissues, enabling movement, transporting materials, and immune responses. There are 20 standard amino acids that make up proteins in the human body. Nine amino acids are essential amino acids (EAAs), which means they cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from the diet or supplements. The others are nonessential or conditional, meaning the body can produce them under normal conditions.

Amino acids are required for muscle protein synthesis, tissue repair, hormone and neurotransmitter production, immune function, energy metabolism, and even mood and sleep. Proteins and amino acids are so vital for life that even a single missing amino acid can prevent proper protein synthesis, prevent muscle building, lead to more muscle breakdown, and also disrupt important functions in the body, such as the immune system.

New Tool for Cardiac Rehab Patients:
Amino acid complexes containing all essential amino acids (EAA) are preferable over isolated amino acids or just branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) in cardiac rehab nutrition recommendations because they support optimal muscle protein synthesis to repair the heart muscle as well as other muscles in the body.  This in turn improves cardiac function, including ejection fraction, and overall cardiovascular metabolism, and recovery from ischemic injury.

Our TruAmino™ Complex delivers amino acids like leucine, glutamine, arginine, and glycine that have specific beneficial roles in cardiac metabolism and immune function, and research shows these are better absorbed and utilized than simply increasing protein in the diet.

Research indicates that supplementing essential amino acids can improve myocardial energy metabolism, support protein synthesis, reduce muscle breakdown, and enhances cardiac function and recovery in heart failure and cardiac rehab settings. Branched chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) are known to help reduce muscle soreness and prevent muscle protein breakdown, but they represent only three of the nine essential amino acids. Some studies in heart failure patients show that BCAA supplementation helped improve certain features of heart failure, but broader EAA complexes were superior for comprehensive muscle and tissue recovery, including restoring metabolic flexibility, energy homeostasis, and cardiac mitochondrial function more effectively.  This conclusion aligns with recent research showing amino acid blends promote better recovery and muscle repair than isolated amino acids or BCAAs alone.

Another study  published in 2025 explored the efficacy and safety of creatine monohydrate (a supplement commonly used to increase muscle mass) use in cardiac rehab patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. In this single-center, prospective study, patients received 5g/day of creatine for 3 months. The results showed that creatine supplementation was safe, with transient changes in kidney function markers that normalized after stopping treatment.

More importantly, patients experienced a statistically significant improvement in functional capacity measured by the 6-minute walk test, reduced exertion levels during exercise, and lower heart rate increases during exertion. Quality of life related to heart health also improved significantly. However, no significant changes were noted in echocardiographic cardiac parameters or mortality at 1 year follow-up.

This study concluded that creatine supplementation can be a beneficial adjunct in cardiac rehabilitation. But for cardiac rehab patients, combining creatine supplementation with an amino acid complex, particularly one containing essential amino acids, is more beneficial than taking creatine alone.  The reason is understandable when you consider the function of creatine vs. amino acids.  Creatine primarily supports energy metabolism and muscle endurance, which can improve exercise capacity and reduce fatigue during rehab.  But amino acid complexes provide the full spectrum of essential amino acids needed for muscle protein synthesis, tissue repair, and cardiovascular metabolic support and thereby are more robust in supporting cardiac and skeletal muscle function.

The combination addresses different but complementary aspects of recovery: creatine enhances the energy reserve in muscle cells, supporting high-energy demands during exercise and rehabilitation, while EAAs ensure the availability of all necessary building blocks to repair and rebuild muscle and cardiac tissue. It is encouraging that we have another potential tool in our toolbox by combining creatine plus an EAA complex for superior overall cardiac recovery and support.

CAUTION: It is important to monitor kidney function and hydration status when using creatine, especially in cardiac patients, to avoid kidney damage. 

Other People Who Benefit from Amino Acid Supplementation
Several groups of patients may benefit disproportionately from the efficiency and practicality of amino acid complex supplements.

• Older people– Aging and gut dysfunction affect the absorption of essential amino acids (EAAs) and whey protein differently due to distinct digestion and absorption requirements. With aging, there is reduced secretion of gastric acid and digestive enzymes, weakening the stomach and intestinal environment necessary for breaking down whole proteins like whey. This results in slower and less efficient digestion and absorption of whey protein in older adults. Aging also impairs intestinal motility and reduces the function of amino acid transporters in the gut, further limiting amino acid uptake from digested proteins. These factors collectively diminish the availability of amino acids from protein powders and whole food sources, potentially reducing muscle protein synthesis and contributing to loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia).

In contrast, Essential Amino Acids in free form do not require enzymatic digestion, so their absorption does not rely on gastric and pancreatic enzyme function. This makes EAAs more readily absorbed even in conditions of compromised digestion or gut dysfunction. Clinical studies show that EAA supplementation in older adults with low physical function improved muscle strength and walking distance better than whey protein supplementation, because of better absorption and utilization efficiency. EAAs also tend to cause less gastrointestinal discomfort, such as bloating or gas, which is beneficial for sensitive or aging digestive systems.

In summary, aging and gut dysfunction can reduce protein digestion and amino acid absorption efficiency due to enzymatic and motility declines, while free-form EAAs remain efficiently absorbed and utilized, offering a practical advantage in these populations to overcome age-related GI impairments in digestion and absorption.

• Athletes and active individuals who need fast-absorbing amino acids around training to support muscle repair, limit soreness, and reduce fatigue when total protein is difficult to obtain from food alone.

• Men and women experiencing declining hormone levels common in midlife and at other stages of life due medical conditions, medicines, cancer treatments, viral infections, environmental endocrine disruptors, and other causes. Declines in estrogen and testosterone both cause loss of lean muscle mass and strength, increasing sarcopenia risk, but they do so through somewhat different mechanisms in men and women. The effect is gradual and strongly modified by physical activity, nutrition, and overall health.

In women, the sharp drop in estradiol around menopause is linked with reduced muscle cross‑sectional area, increase in oxidative stress at the muscle cell membrane during physical activity, loss of muscle strength, and poorer muscle quality. Data suggests that optimal estradiol helps maintain muscle force, reduction of oxidative stress during exercise, improved satellite cell function, and protection against muscle cell apoptosis (death), so loss of estradiol contributes to both loss of muscle mass and less efficient remaining muscle fibers.

• Some studies indicate that low estradiol blunts the muscle’s anabolic response to stimuli (exercise, feeding), so the same training or protein intake produces a smaller gain in muscle in estradiol‑deficient states. Hormone therapy in early postmenopausal appears to improve or preserve muscle mass and function.
• Estradiol decline reduces muscle mass in women mainly by altering how muscle cells repair, grow, and resist damage, rather than through a single simple pathway. It affects satellite cells, intracellular signaling, protein turnover, mitochondria, and apoptosis in ways that together favor loss of muscle fibers and strength. ​
• Estradiol signaling through ERα supports mitochondrial function, efficient oxidative metabolism, and antioxidant defenses in skeletal muscle. Loss of estradiol is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress, which promote activation of apoptotic pathways in muscle fibers.​
• Estradiol normally helps protect muscle cells from apoptosis (cell death); with estradiol decline, pro‑apoptotic signaling rises and anti‑apoptotic factors fall, leading to greater muscle cell loss over time and contributing to sarcopenia.
• Estradiol influences myosin function, phosphorylation, and excitation–contraction coupling, so deficiency not only reduces mass but also lowers the specific force of remaining fibers.
• Loss of estradiol also affects connective tissue, tendon, and neuromuscular junction properties; changes with menopause may alter motor unit recruitment and mechanical loading patterns, further accelerating loss of strength and lean mass.
• Testosterone decline and muscle  In men, progressive reductions in total and free testosterone are consistently associated with loss of lean muscle mass, more fat mass, and poorer physical performance that further contributes to sarcopenia (muscle loss). Higher endogenous testosterone within the physiological range is linked to gain in appendicular lean mass and better functional measures (e.g., chair stands) in older men, especially during weight loss.
• Testosterone supports muscle protein synthesis, type II fiber size, and neuromuscular function; low levels shift the balance toward catabolism and fat gain. In both older men and testosterone‑deficient women, low‑dose testosterone therapy can increase lean body mass and type II fiber area.
• Elderly are at risk of sarcopenia due to reduced appetite, chewing difficulties, or suboptimal digestion, but they require higher-quality protein intake to preserve muscle mass and function.​

• Patients with increased protein needs or impaired digestion and absorption – such as those recovering from illness, surgery, or trauma – for whom concentrated, easily assimilated amino acids can help close the gap between requirements and what is achievable with meals.​

• Individuals on restrictive or plant-based diets who cannot consistently reach complete-protein targets from food and may use amino acid complexes to complement their dietary pattern.

 As you can see, amino acid complexes can act as a precise and convenient bridge between real-world eating patterns and evidence-based protein requirements for a variety of populations.

But a word of caution again: Amino acid supplements vary greatly in quality, source of amino acids, and completeness of the formula, as well as inclusion of undesirable additives.   So we encourage you to choose a high quality, complete balanced formula, made in a certified GMP facility in the United States, such as our TruAmino™  Complex.

The following information is based on research specific to our TruAmino™  Complex, and I have included keypoints and strategies about how to most effectively use TruAmino™  Complex as part of a whole-food nutritional foundation.

• Dietary protein is composed of long chains of amino acids that need to be digested and broken down into individual amino acids or small peptides before absorption. TruAmino™  Complex has free-form amino acids already broken down to be rapidly available and reach the bloodstream faster than intact dietary proteins. Rapid availability makes the AA efficient in triggering muscle protein synthesis around exercise or during periods when digestion is compromised.
• High-quality dietary proteins contain roughly 40-50% essential amino acids by weight. For example, a 20-gram serving of a high-quality protein source may provide about 8-10 grams of EAAs.
• One serving of TruAmino™  Complex is equivalent, in terms of muscle protein synthesis stimulus, to approximately 15 grams of high-quality (complete) protein from sources such as red meat or whey.
• The non-essential amino acids in dietary protein also contribute to total protein function, but the essential amino acids are the limiting factor for anabolic (muscle-building) effects. Whole food protein provides additional nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and bioactive peptides beyond amino acids, which supplements do not.
• Amino acid complexes are concentrated, so a small serving delivers a targeted amount of essential amino acids comparable to what is found in a much larger portion of protein-rich food.
• A high-quality protein-rich diet is at least as effective as amino acid supplementation for long-term outcomes such as muscle gain and recovery.  The problem is most people do not get enough high-quality protein in their diet alone.
• That’s why I think taking an essential amino acid supplement has many advantages for many people for different reasons, but I suggest you use it to  supplement not replace food protein sources.  It is similar to taking vitamins to supplement food – not replace the food we eat.

How to use TruAmino™  Complex for Best Results:
Protein Equivalent

One serving of  TruAmino™  Complex contains a total of approximately 4.2 grams of a blend of essential amino acids and arginine. The breakdown per serving includes L-leucine (1.5 g), L-lysine HCI (672 mg), L-valine (427 mg), L-isoleucine (414 mg), L-arginine (405 mg), L-threonine (363 mg), L-phenylalanine (260 mg), L-methionine (128 mg), L-histidine (64 mg), and L-tryptophan (2.5 mg).

Product research cites the blend and ratio of free-form essential amino acids (EAAs) in one serving of TruAmino™  Complex is equivalent, in terms of muscle protein synthesis stimulus, to approximately 15 grams of high-quality (complete) protein from sources such as beef or whey. The actual measured mass of amino acids in one serving is 4.2 grams.  The anabolic response is due to optimized ratios, not total weight.

Comparing TruAmino™  Complex to a complete protein food source: Researchers focused on several key measures:

1. Amino Acid Profile
   TruAmino™  Complex contains only essential amino acids (EAAs) and arginine, engineered to maximize muscle protein synthesis. Complete protein foods (like meat, eggs, whey, and dairy) contain all EAAs plus non-essential amino acids, in natural ratios. Both support muscle building, but TruAmino™  Complex delivers EAAs in isolated, rapidly absorbed and optimized amounts.
2. Anabolic Response
   The muscle growth stimulus (“anabolic response”) from TruAmino™  Complex at its recommended dose (~4.2 grams of EAAs) equals the effect of about 15 grams of intact complete protein (like beef, meats, whey, egg, or dairy) for short-term muscle protein synthesis because the precise EAA blend triggers protein-building and recovery without additional amino acids, calories, or digestion lag.
3. Absorption and Digestion
   Free-form EAAs in TruAmino™  Complex absorb rapidly, leading to a quick spike in blood amino acid levels, which is a signal for protein synthesis. Complete proteins (food or protein powders) break down more slowly due to natural food structure, releasing amino acids over a longer period. TruAmino™  Complex delivers a short, potent anabolic pulse of EAAs. Complete food protein sources aid sustained protein turnover because they have a longer absorption time.
4. Total Nutritional Impact: Muscle Protein Synthesis Effect of TruAmino™  Complex versus Whole Food

   The muscle protein synthesis (MPS) effect of TruAmino™  Complex is engineered to be highly efficient per gram, often surpassing what is achieved from an equivalent weight of whole food protein due to its targeted essential amino acid (EAA) profile and rapid absorption.

• One serving of TruAmino™  Complex (~4.2 grams of EAAs) is formulated to produce an MPS effect equal to, and in some studies double, that of about 15 grams of high-quality whole food protein (e.g., beef, whey, or egg).
• The rapid absorption and targeted blend of EAAs in TruAmino™  Complex cause a swift and potent spike in circulating amino acids, which is critical for initiating muscle building.
• In direct clinical comparisons, TruAmino™  Complex’s patented blend of EAAs was twice as effective at stimulating muscle protein stimulus as an equal amount of high-quality intact protein, mostly due to absorption kinetics and optimized ratios (leucine content is crucial).
• Recent studies show that animal-based whole foods (such as beef) trigger greater immediate postprandial muscle protein stimulus than plant-based meals of equal protein content, but do not equal the rapid spike observed from optimized EAA supplementation like TruAmino™  Complex.
• Whole food protein sources (such as beef or dairy) provide a broader amino acid spectrum and additional nutrients but digest more slowly, leading to a more gradual anabolic response. Whole food proteins tend to sustain this effect over a longer time due to slower digestion and absorption.
• The best approach is a combination of EAAs with whole food protein sources.

How to Incorporate TruAmino™  Complex Into a Regular Diet to Boost Protein Intake

TruAmino™  Complex can be incorporated by dissolving one scoop in 8–12 oz of water and consuming it once to twice daily between meals. It is most effective when used as a supplement to help bridge gaps in dietary protein intake or to optimize muscle protein synthesis, particularly around exercise or in situations where extra anabolic support is needed.

Integration Strategies for Best Results

• Use TruAmino™  Complex between meals for a rapid EAA boost without extra calories, carbs, or dietary bulk.
• Consume prior to or following resistance exercise for optimal anabolic response and muscle recovery.
• Use in the morning before exercise to support lean muscle mass without breaking fast.
• Always combine with a balanced whole food diet for total protein adequacy, never as a replacement for food sources of protein.

The best timing and serving strategy for adding TruAmino™  Complex to meals depends on your goals: muscle protein synthesis, recovery, or general dietary support.

• Between meals: Take one scoop in water between meals to increase plasma EAA levels and stimulate muscle protein synthesis without interfering with the absorption of dietary protein or increasing total caloric intake.
• Pre-exercise: Consume one serving 30–60 minutes before resistance or endurance exercise for heightened anabolic response, maximizing the muscle-building effect during and after your workout.
• Post-exercise (optional):Using TruAmino™  Complex after your workout can further support muscle recovery, especially if you add either a light snack or whole food protein meal.

Directions:

• Dissolve one scoop (approximately 6.8–7 grams) of TruAmino™  Complex in 8–12 oz of room-temperature water, drink immediately.
• Use once or twice daily, ensuring consistent intake and avoiding overlap with larger, whole food protein-rich meals which may slow absorption or reduce redundancy
• For those with high training volume or increased metabolic stress, you can do up to two servings a day, spaced at least several hours apart.

Remember:

• Avoid taking TruAmino™  Complex at the same time as a large protein meal. For maximal effect, you need a gap of 1–2 hours.
• Combine TruAmino™  Complex with whole food protein meals over the day to optimize both the immediate and sustained phases of muscle protein synthesis.
• Hydrate well and consult a healthcare professional for specialized dosing in medical or athletic settings.
• TruAmino™  Complex is hypoallergenic and suitable for most dietary patterns, including vegan and dairy-free.

You optimize the anabolic and protein-sparing benefits of TruAmino™  Complex, minimize excess calorie intake, and maximizing recovery when you follow the guidelines I provided above.

A Special Note for Vegetarians

• Most vegetarian protein sources (beans, grains, nuts, seeds) are not “complete,” meaning they lack one or more essential amino acids. Adding TruAmino™  Complex to a vegetarian meal is a highly effective strategy to boost overall protein quality and muscle protein synthesis, especially if the meal is based on plant proteins which lack some of the essential amino acids.
• TruAmino™  Complex provides an optimized ratio of all nine EAAs, supplementing any missing components and elevating the protein quality of the meal to match or exceed that of animal-based foods.
• Combining TruAmino™  Complex with a plant protein meal supports muscle maintenance, growth, recovery, and overall dietary adequacy.
• For example, if your meal includes rice and beans (two plant proteins that together form a nearly complete protein), adding TruAmino™  Complex ensures perfect EAA ratios, overcoming any shortfalls and further boosting the quality and MPS response.
• Add one scoop (6.8–7 g) to water or juice and drink it 30–60 minutes prior to or between vegetarian meals for optimal absorption and to bridge gaps in essential amino acid intake.
• You can also use TruAmino™  Complex after exercise, and then have your vegetarian protein-rich meal (e.g., lentil soup, quinoa bowl, bean salad). The combination allows for both a rapid anabolic muscle response and a longer, sustained muscle recovery effect. This combination is particularly valuable for vegetarians, vegans, older adults, athletes, and anyone with increased protein needs who is eating plant-based meals for ethical, digestive, or allergy reasons.

In Summary: TruAmino™  Complex works synergistically with vegetarian meals to provide a complete amino acid profile, optimize muscle protein synthesis, and support recovery and dietary protein adequacy—making it an excellent, hypoallergenic option for plant-based eaters.

Maximum Daily Amount
Clinical and manufacturer guidelines show the maximum recommended daily use of TruAmino™  Complex for muscle recovery typically ranges from 1 to 2 scoops per day, spaced several hours apart, which provides approximately 4.2 to 8.4 grams of essential amino acids (EAAs) daily. Consult with your healthcare professional on appropriate amounts for your specific needs.

• Total protein intake should be considered alongside TruAmino™  Complex supplementation to avoid excessive amino acid consumption relative to overall dietary protein.
• Higher doses beyond 2 scoops daily are not commonly recommended without healthcare supervision, as excess free-form EAAs may not confer additional benefits, and may have a negative effect on overall amino acid balance.
• For older adults, athletes with high training volume, or those with increased protein needs, two doses per day (e.g., pre-exercise and between meals or post-exercise) optimize anabolic support while minimizing potential tolerance issues.
• Bottom Line when it comes to Essential Amino Acid Supplementation:
• It is all about quality not quantity.  Studies have demonstrated that no additional benefits are gained from adding non-essential amino acids to an EAA supplement. Why pay for ingredients your body already makes. Quality and ratios of EAAs matter. The ratios of EAAs in TruAmino™ Complex – have twice the impact on muscle protein synthesis than that of an equal amount of a high-quality protein. TruAmino™ Complex has unique features for the elderly, who commonly use protein supplements as a calorie substitutes and reduce their food intake. TruAmino™ Complex is not a meal replacement, it is a low-calorie, zero carbohydrates formula, so as not to influence satiety, and not reduce food intake. TruAmino™ Complex has a high portion of leucine that is required for optimal stimulation of muscle protein synthesis. Combined with a regular exercise routine and whole food diet, TruAmino™  Complex is a superior choice and convenient way to overcome the protein challenge and help you meet your performance goals and optimize your health.

A Caution: Be careful about which amino acid supplements you select. High-dose free amino acid supplements carry several potential metabolic risks supported by scientific data:

• Metabolic imbalances: Excessive intake of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) can activate the mTORC1 pathway excessively, which may contribute to increased cellular senescence, proinflammatory states, and metabolic dysregulation linked to insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Elevated BCAA catabolism is associated with lipid accumulation in tissues and worsened insulin resistance.
• Kidney and liver strain: High doses of amino acids increase nitrogen load through enhanced amino acid catabolism, potentially stressing renal function by elevating urea and ammonia levels. This can lead to electrolyte imbalance, metabolic acidosis, ketonemia, and worse outcomes especially for individuals with preexisting kidney or liver disease.
• Gastrointestinal and immune effects: High amino acid intake may impact gut microbiota composition, with potential effects on energy balance and metabolic health. There are also concerns about possible immune system modulation and long-term effects on tumor growth, although more research is needed.
• Toxicity risks: Some amino acid supplements at high doses may exhibit mutagenic or carcinogenic properties, affect neurotransmitter balance, and cause side effects such as dehydration, muscle cramps, or water retention.

All Truth for Health Foundation Products Meet or Exceed cGMP Quality Standards, the highest quality standard for supplements sold in the USA.

For more information, references from studies are listed in the Product Data Sheets for each product, available on our website.  Under medical practice regulations, we are unable to answer individual medical questions or make specific individual supplement recommendations for people who are not established patients of Dr. Vliet’s independent medical practice.

I encourage you to consider our other natural medicines with our top quality, cGMP-compliant professional formulas for TruImmune™ Boost, TruNAC™, TruImmunoglobulin,™ TruC with BioFlav™ (Vitamin C with complete Bioflavonoids), Tru BioD3™, TruZinc™, TruMitochondrial ™Boost and TruProBiotic™ Daily to replenish critical bifidobacteria depleted by COVID shots, viral illnesses, and antibiotic therapy.
CAUTION: As always, we urge you to avoid supplements without checking knowledgeable sources to evaluate your medical situation, proper lab tests to verify what is needed, and to make sure to avoid adverse interactions with prescription medicines and other supplements you take.

To Your good health and improving resilience!
Elizabeth Lee Vliet, MD

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